# “It is the ==frameworks== which change with each new technology and not just the picture within the frame.”<br>– Marshall McLuhan > *Frameworks* offer ways of seeing, understanding, and taking action in the work and the world of Arts Management. This list will grow, change, and become more connected as the *ArtsManaged Field Guide* evolves. - [[Adaequatio (Adequateness)]] A philosophical premise from E.F. Schumacher that "the understanding of the knower must be *adequate* to the thing to be known." - [[Adizes Four Management Styles]] Management consultant Ichak Adizes describes four "concern structures" that capture the dominant energies and perspectives each of us bring to our work: Producing, Administrating, Entrepreneuring, and Integrating. - [[Adjacent Possible]] Evolution doesn't pick a destination and then work toward it, it selects for organisms that successfully explore and exploit the "adjacent possible" around them. - [[Affordances]] Psychologist J.J. Gibson coined the term "affordances" to describe a complementary relationship between an animal and its environment. - [[Art Worlds]] Sociologist Howard Becker used the term "Art Worlds" to discuss and define the full ecology of people, stuff, and money that surround and support any creative work. - [[Behavior Dashboard]] A professional skills and capacities rubric developed by nonprofit arts services organization Fractured Atlas. - [[Calibrating Uncertainty]] A two-component framework for deciding when to act, and when to gather more information before you act, based on the *chance* of being wrong and the *cost* of being wrong. - [[Capital Continuum]] The full spectrum of ways for money to make a difference, from full-on venture investment to pure philanthropy. - [[Connection Concern Capacity]] The holy trinity of prospect and donor development. - [[Convention]] The means by which we coordinate complex and collective human activities (like the arts). - [[Core Mission Support]] A reimagined representation of non-program expenses in a nonprofit organization, showing them not to be wasteful investments but rather essential core elements of the work. - [[Critical Response Process]] Liz Lerman's approach to creative critique, designed to help artists with works-in-progress. - [[Cynefin]] A framework of five domains or decision-making contexts that helps you orient yourself and your team toward productive action. - Financial Statements as Frameworks - [[Statement of Financial Position (Balance Sheet)]] - [[Statement of Financial Activities (Income Statement)]] - [[Statement of Cash Flows]] - [[Finders, Minders, and Grinders]] Consulting firms often organize their teams in three groups, each with different expectations and responsibilities (and hourly rates). Finders bring in the clients. Minders manage the projects. And Grinders execute on the analytical and technical tasks. It's a callous but constructive way of understanding the division of effort in any organization. - [[Iron Triangle]] A framework defining three essential aspects of a mission-driven endeavor that must necessarily move and change together (you can't just change one): mission and program, organizational capacity, and capital structure. - [[Ladder of Control]] Offers rising levels of autonomy for decision-making and action, and an opportunity to clarify the expectations of managers and their direct reports. - [[Levels of Mastery]] The Dreyfus brothers' "Five-Stage Model of Adult Skill Acquisition" describes milestones on the journey from novice to expert. These *Levels of Mastery* can provide a useful lens on learning for yourself and your team. - [[Motivation Opportunity Ability (MOA)]] This framework describes three lenses on action or inaction for an individual or group, with a particular utility when you're trying to understand what's *blocking* people from a preferred, expected, or even self-beneficial behavior. - [[Nonprofit Lifecycle]] All organizations change and grow over time, requiring different governance and management as they do so. The framework developed by Susan Kenny Stevens offers one view on these stages. - [[Personal Projects]] A framework for interrogating what you and your colleagues believe you're doing in the world, and how those bundled initiatives help you flourish or leave you floundering. - [[Planning Organizing Leading Controlling (POLC)]] Traditional management theory describes four core functions of management in any industry: planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. - [[Pyramid and Wheel]] According to sociologist/political-scientist/historian Johan Galtung, there are two modes for humans to work in groups: thick-and-small ("the wheel") and thin-and-big ("the pyramid"). Which is dominant in your organization? Is it the right one? - [[Recency Frequency Monetary (RFM)]] RFM is a framework for segmenting a customer, audience, or donor list according to transaction patterns – specifically by *recency* (how long ago they made a purchase or donation), *frequency* (how often they made purchases or donations), and *monetary value* (how much money they spent or donated). - [[Requisite Variety]] Any system must be *at least* as various and flexible as the system it seeks to control. - [[Three Modes of Governance]] Three essential domains of attention and action for strong leadership in any nonprofit: fiduciary, strategic, and generative. - [[Three Sectors]] Collective activity in any large society or nation can (broadly) clustered into three organizing logics or sectors: Private, Public, and Plural (aka Nonprofit, Third, or Independent). - [[Three Stages of Nonprofit Boards]] Karl Mathiasen III described three archetypes of governing boards in the nonprofit world – Organizing/Founding, Governing, and Institutional – as well as the bumpy paths between them. - [[Value Proposition Canvas]] A strategic discovery and planning tool designed to help business innovators unbundle and build out the value of their products or services for target audiences. - [[What - So What - Now What|What? So What? Now What?]] A simple, lightly structured process for making sense out of an idea, issue, or experience – guiding you from definitions and facts to contexts to possible action. ## Tags (click to view related pages) #frameworks #sapling